工業(yè)和信息化部、國家發(fā)展改革委等八部門近日聯(lián)合印發(fā)《關(guān)于加快傳統(tǒng)制造業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)型升級的指導(dǎo)意見》(以下簡稱《指導(dǎo)意見》)。《指導(dǎo)意見》提出,到2027年,傳統(tǒng)制造業(yè)高端化、智能化、綠色化、融合化發(fā)展水平明顯提升,在全球產(chǎn)業(yè)分工中的地位和競爭力進(jìn)一步鞏固增強(qiáng)。
China has released a guideline on accelerating the transformation and upgrading of traditional manufacturing industries. By 2027, China's traditional manufacturing industries should achieve notable progress in their high-end, intelligent, green, and integrated development, consolidating their position and competitiveness in the global industrial division of labor and cooperation, according to the guideline jointly released by eight authorities, including the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (MIIT) and the National Development and Reform Commission.
2023年3月,在位于四川省德陽市的東方電氣集團(tuán)東方汽輪機(jī)有限公司的葉片加工數(shù)字化車間里,投入2億元建設(shè)的“黑燈產(chǎn)線”正在運(yùn)行。“黑燈”并不是真的不開燈,而是指在無人干預(yù)的情況下,也可以智慧化運(yùn)行。圖片來源:新華社
【知識點(diǎn)】
黨的十八大以來,我國制造業(yè)已形成了世界規(guī)模最大、門類最齊全、體系最完整、國際競爭力較強(qiáng)的發(fā)展優(yōu)勢,成為科技成果轉(zhuǎn)化的重要載體、吸納就業(yè)的重要渠道、創(chuàng)造稅收的重要來源、開展國際貿(mào)易的重要領(lǐng)域。與此同時,我國傳統(tǒng)制造業(yè)“大而不強(qiáng)”“全而不精”問題仍然突出。
《指導(dǎo)意見》的總體要求是,到2027年,工業(yè)企業(yè)數(shù)字化研發(fā)設(shè)計工具普及率、關(guān)鍵工序數(shù)控化率分別超過90%、70%,工業(yè)能耗強(qiáng)度和二氧化碳排放強(qiáng)度持續(xù)下降,萬元工業(yè)增加值用水量較2023年下降13%左右,大宗工業(yè)固體廢物綜合利用率超過57%。
《指導(dǎo)意見》提出,要探索建設(shè)區(qū)域人工智能數(shù)據(jù)處理中心,提供海量數(shù)據(jù)處理、生成式人工智能工具開發(fā)等服務(wù),促進(jìn)人工智能賦能傳統(tǒng)制造業(yè)。推動資源高效循環(huán)利用。大力發(fā)展廢鋼鐵、廢舊動力電池、廢舊家電、廢舊紡織品回收處理綜合利用產(chǎn)業(yè)。推進(jìn)工業(yè)廢水循環(huán)利用,提升工業(yè)水資源集約節(jié)約水平。實(shí)施重點(diǎn)領(lǐng)域碳達(dá)峰行動,完善工業(yè)節(jié)能管理制度,推進(jìn)節(jié)能降碳技術(shù)改造。開展產(chǎn)能置換政策實(shí)施情況評估,完善跨區(qū)域產(chǎn)能置換機(jī)制,對能效高、碳排放低的技術(shù)改造項(xiàng)目,適當(dāng)給予產(chǎn)能置換比例政策支持。
《指導(dǎo)意見》明確,堅(jiān)持創(chuàng)新驅(qū)動發(fā)展,加快邁向價值鏈中高端。加快數(shù)字技術(shù)賦能,全面推動智能制造發(fā)展。強(qiáng)化綠色低碳發(fā)展,深入實(shí)施節(jié)能降碳改造。推進(jìn)產(chǎn)業(yè)融合互促,加速培育新業(yè)態(tài)新模式。加大政策支持力度,營造良好發(fā)展環(huán)境。
【重要講話】
面對新一輪科技革命和產(chǎn)業(yè)變革浪潮,我們要著眼長遠(yuǎn)、把握機(jī)遇、乘勢而上,推進(jìn)數(shù)字化、智能化、綠色化轉(zhuǎn)型發(fā)展,共同強(qiáng)化科技創(chuàng)新和成果轉(zhuǎn)化,推進(jìn)數(shù)字經(jīng)濟(jì)和實(shí)體經(jīng)濟(jì)深度融合。
Facing a new wave of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation, we should look beyond the horizon, seize the opportunities, and move along with the trend to promote transition to digital, smart and green development. We should jointly boost innovation and market application of scientific and technological advances, and push forward full integration of digital and physical economies.
——2023年11月16日,習(xí)近平在亞太經(jīng)合組織工商領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人峰會上的書面演講
堅(jiān)持把發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì)的著力點(diǎn)放在實(shí)體經(jīng)濟(jì)上,推進(jìn)新型工業(yè)化,加快建設(shè)制造強(qiáng)國、質(zhì)量強(qiáng)國、航天強(qiáng)國、交通強(qiáng)國、網(wǎng)絡(luò)強(qiáng)國、數(shù)字中國。實(shí)施產(chǎn)業(yè)基礎(chǔ)再造工程和重大技術(shù)裝備攻關(guān)工程,支持專精特新企業(yè)發(fā)展,推動制造業(yè)高端化、智能化、綠色化發(fā)展。
In pursuing economic growth, we must continue to focus on the real economy. We will advance new industrialization and move faster to boost China's strength in manufacturing, product quality, aerospace, transportation, cyberspace, and digital development. We will carry out industrial foundation reengineering projects and research projects on major technologies and equipment; support enterprises that use special and sophisticated technologies to produce novel and unique products; and move the manufacturing sector toward higher-end, smarter, and greener production.
——2022年10月16日,習(xí)近平在中國共產(chǎn)黨第二十次全國代表大會上的報告
【相關(guān)詞匯】
數(shù)字化研發(fā)設(shè)計工具普及率
the penetration rate of digital research and development and design tools
智能產(chǎn)業(yè)
intelligent industry
中國日報網(wǎng)英語點(diǎn)津工作室(本文于“學(xué)習(xí)強(qiáng)國”學(xué)習(xí)平臺首發(fā))